Failure of the Treaty of Berlin
Not a single rule in the Treaty of Berlin has been truly followed by the Turkish authorities. Although the treaty demanded many reforms, none...
Abdul Hamid’s Use of Racial Divisions
Sofia, December 7th, 1914
Fifth Letter: Terms of Settlement and Bulgarian Demands
In his rule, Abdul Hamid took full advantage of the racial divisions between different...
Betrayal and Dishonesty in 1913
This is the nation that was betrayed and abandoned in 1913. Then, it was cheated at Bucharest by a treaty based on the dishonorable...
Treatment of the Turkish Population During the 1912-1913 War
During the 1912-1913 Turkish War, the Turkish people in Bulgaria were not treated badly.
Even though they were required to serve in the military, they...
Motives Behind the Macedonian Committees
While I can't say that all members of the Macedonian Committees have bad intentions, it's clear from studying the situation that, in practice, the...
A Plan Found in a Captured Bulgarian’s Clothing
Sir A. Biliotti, the former British Consul-General in Salonika, shared a summary of a plan found in the clothes of a captured Bulgarian fighter....
Discontent in Macedonia
In Macedonia, everyone was unhappy due to oppression, including both the Turkish and Christian populations. The oppressed Turks had no one to turn to...
The boundary between the human and the divine
Reducing these various stories and assertions to a single set of dialectically defensible assertions that all can agree on has proved, over two millennia,...
Theodosius left behind
What Theodosius left behind, more important than his sons, was a religious landscape denuded of the familiar and the emergence, by encouragement and by...
Constantine postponed baptism
Constantine postponed baptism until he was on his deathbed to assure himself of heaven without risking post-baptismal relapse. The half century that followed saw...
